WISH YOU A HAPPY AND SECURE YEAR 2009
darknet
Short for dark Internet, in file sharing terminology, a darknet is a Internet or private network, where information and content are shared by darknet participants anonymously. Darknets are popular with users who share copy protected files as the service will let users send and receive files anonymously — that is, users cannot be traced, tracked or personally identified. Usually, darknets are not easily accessible via regular Web browsers.
microblog
A type of blog that lets users publish short text updates. Bloggers can usually use a number of service for the updates including instant messaging, e-mail, or Twitter. The posts are called microposts, while the act of using these services to update your blog is called microblogging. Social networking sites, like Facebook, also use a microblogging feature in profiles. On Facebook this is called "Status Updates".
chicken boner
A slang term used in reference to an inexperienced spammer. The reference implies that the person is a low-life who spends all their time in front of the computer with "fried chicken bones littering the floor".
spamware
Software that is used by spammers to send out automated spam e-mail. Spamware packages may also include an e-mail harvesting tool.
clewbie
An Internet slang term that means "clueless newbie".
photoshopping
A slang term used to describe any image that has been digitally manipulated or altered.
lock-in
The phrase used to describe a Web page that disables the browser's back button and prevents the user from leaving the page via the back button. The lock-in practice was originally used by pornography Web sites, however, more mainstream Web sites also use lock-in to keep readers on the Web site once it has loaded. Also a form of mousetrapping.
Ksplice
An extension of the Linux kernel that is used for rebootless updates. Security and source code patches are applied without needing to reboot the operating system. Ksplice is developed by Massachusetts-based company, Ksplice Inc.
Covert environment
In biometrics terminology, covert or covert environment refers to a biometric sample collection location where individuals in the location are not aware that the sample is being taken. One common covert environment is airport checkpoint security where cameras capture images of travelers that are compared to images on a security watch-list. The image capture and comparison is performed without the traveler's knowledge.
verification
In a biometric security system, the process of comparing a biometric sample against a single reference template of a specific user in order to confirm the identity of the person trying to gain access to a system.
Vein ID System
A type of biometrics identification system that uses veins in a person's body to establish identity. Vein ID Systems use infrared light to scan the user's hand and look for a pattern of veins in order to make an identification match. Both Hitachi and Fujitsu have developed commercial Vein ID Systems.
User Name
A name used to gain access to a computer system. Usernames, and often passwords, are required in multi-user systems. In most such systems, users can choose their own usernames and passwords.
Usernames are also required to access some bulletin board and online services.
User Account Control (UAC)
Abbreviated as UAC. In Windows Vista, User Account Control is a feature that was designed to prevent unauthorized changes to your computer. When functions that could potentially affect your computer's operation are made, UAC will prompt for permission or an administrator's password before continuing with the task. There are four different alert messages associated with User Account Control:
* Windows needs your permission to continue
* A program needs your permission to continue
* An unidentified program wants access to your computer
* This program has been blocked
Unified Threat Management
Unified Threat Management (UTM) is a term first used by IDC to describe a category of security appliances which integrates a range of security features into a single appliance. UTM appliances combine firewall, gateway anti-virus, and intrusion detection and prevention capabilities into a single platform. UTM is designed protect users from blended threats while reducing complexity.
Überveillance
A slang term used to describe an above and beyond, an exaggerated, an omnipresent 24/7 electronic surveillance. Not only does the term suggest a surveillance that is always on but also surveillance that is always with you, referring to a surveillance technology that is embedded within the human body (e.g. Big Brother on the inside, looking out). May also be seen written as Überveillance.
Turing Number
Abbreviated as TN, turning number is a randomly generated security code, usually a series of digits, displayed as an image that users may need to read and copy into a form field in order to submit or validate a form submission online via a Web browser. Turing numbers are used to ensure there is a human user instead of automated (bot) submissions. Turing numbers are commonly used on e-commerce Web sites or promotional or contest Web sites —anywhere there is a need to avoid automated submissions by bots.
Tunneling Virus
A type of virus that attempts installation beneath the antivirus program by directly intercepting the interrupt handlers of the operating system to evade detection.
Trusted Platform Module
Trusted Platform Module (TPM) is a hardware device that is basically a secure micro-controller with added cryptographic functionalities. It works with supporting software and firmware to prevent unauthorized access to a notebook computer. The TPM contains a hardware engine to perform up to 2048-bit RSA encryption/decryption. The TPM uses its built-in RSA engine during digital signing and key wrapping operations.
Trojan Horse
A destructive program that masquerades as a benign application. Unlike viruses, Trojan horses do not replicate themselves but they can be just as destructive. One of the most insidious types of Trojan horse is a program that claims to rid your computer of viruses but instead introduces viruses onto your computer.
The term comes from the a Greek story of the Trojan War, in which the Greeks give a giant wooden horse to their foes, the Trojans, ostensibly as a peace offering. But after the Trojans drag the horse inside their city walls, Greek soldiers sneak out of the horse's hollow belly and open the city gates, allowing their compatriots to pour in and capture Troy.
Trojan horses are broken down in classification based on how they breach systems and the damage they cause. The seven main types of Trojan horses are:
* Remote Access Trojans
* Data Sending Trojans
* Destructive Trojans
* Proxy Trojans
* FTP Trojans
* security software disabler Trojans
* denial-of-service attack (DoS) Trojans
Triple DES
Also referred to as 3DES, a mode of the DES encryption algorithm that encrypts data three times. Three 64-bit keys are used, instead of one, for an overall key length of 192 bits (the first encryption is encrypted with second key, and the resulting cipher text is again encrypted with a third key).
